Bibliographic record
Abstract
Excellent samples of lillianite, a rare Pb–Bi sulfosalt, have been found around a high-temperature fumarole at the La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island, Italy. The mineral is associated with cannizzarite and, subordinately, with galenobismutite and rarer sulfosalts, as well as sphalerite and selenian galena. Lillianite occurs as laths and fibers up to 100–130 m in length, and about 20–30 and 1 m in width, respectively. Electron-microprobe analyses show that the lillianite from Vulcano has a composition close to the ideal Pb3Bi2S6. Particularly interesting is the absence of Ag and Cu, which makes the lillianite from Vulcano unique in its purity, with only minor incorporation of Cd. Like in other sulfosalts from Vulcano, significant Se concentrations are invari-ably present (1.38–2.22 wt. %). Traces of chlorine were found in some crystals due to the high Cl activity in the fumaroles, and are noted for the first time. The general empirical formula, Pb3–xBi2+2x/3(S6–ySey)6, reflects the narrow composition field for the lillianite from Vulcano. The X-ray powder-diffraction data, as well as microhardness and reflectance measurements, are given for distinct crystals with a different Pb/Bi value. The unit-cell constants are a 13.576(9), b 20.606(8), c 4.119(2) Å for the crystal with Pb/Bi ≈ 1.50, and a 13.56(1), b 20.57(1), c 4.115(2) Å for the one with Pb/Bi ≈ 1.41. In both films, h + l = 2n reflections correspond to the space group Bbmm. The lower value of microhardness of the Bi-rich sample may reflect the less well-ordered structure and the effect of the heterovalent substitution 3Pb2+ → 2Bi3+ + . A comparison between the lillianite from Vulcano and
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.481 | 0.297 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".