Instrument for Detecting Freeze-up, Mid-Winter and Break-up Ice Processes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new underwater acoustic instrument for river ice studies has been designed, developed, and deployed in the Peace River in Northern Alberta, which is hydraulically regulated by upstream hydroelectric projects. The data is being collected to support studies related to ice jam occurrences and hydropower operations during the winter. An upward looking sonar instrument was deployed for the 2004-2005 ice season. From the acoustic backscatter returns of the transmitted acoustic pulses, the sonar instrument measured the distance to the water surface or the underside of floating ice at the surface. The instrument also had the capability to record the profile of acoustic backscatter returns through the river water column. The instrument provided valuable insights into numerous freeze-up, mid-winter and spring ice processes difficult or impossible to obtain by other methods. These processes included formation of frazil in suspension, development of frazil ice pans, anchor ice formation/detection, formation of the river ice cover including highly dynamic freeze-up events, changes in the river ice cover over
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".