RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Background benefit from treatments or, indeed, identify those that
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Full list of author information is available at the end of the articleOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common cause of dis-ability in the UK [1] and with an aging population ever more treatments and procedures are being carried out. The increase in the number of treatments and proce-dures combined with limited resources means it is even more important to use accurate measures of outcome. Without good measures we cannot identify those that do not benefit from treatments, such as joint replace-ment, and for whom possibly other less invasive treat-ments may be more appropriate. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC [2]) is the most com-monly used disease-specific measure of outcome used in OA [3]. The WOMAC was based on the objective of defining the dimensionality of pain and disability in
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".