A Study of Airflow in an Alberta Hailstorm Using Chaff and Polarization Radar
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction The Alberta Hail Project (1980-1986) was a research /operational hail suppression experiment (ARC, 1986). On Aug 3 1983, a hail producing storm was encountered that was too turbulent to be able to release silver iodide into the feeder clouds from aircraft. Subsequently, a decision was made to release chaff into the inflow to study the airflow patterns of the storm by the ARC S-band circularly polarized radar (Humphries and Barge, 1979). Four packets of chaff were released within a 4 minute period starting at 1927MDT. The chaff consisted of mylar film cut to 5 cm length (1/2 of the radar wavelength) and were stored in a packet approximately 8cm x 5 cm x 1 cm. Aircraft observations reported cloud base updraft speeds of 7.5m/s, with a cloud base of 2km and cloud top estimate to be 12km. 2. Degree of Polarization Degree of Polarization (p) is a second order polarization parameter which is formulated to be free of propagation effects
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".