Circuits and Expressions with Non-Associative Gates (Extended Abstract)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
) ? Joshua Berman 1 , Arthur Drisko 2 , Francois Lemieux 3 , Cristopher Moore 4 , and Denis Th'erien 3 1 State University of New York at Binghamton 2 National Security Agency 3 McGill University 4 The Santa Fe Institute Abstract. We consider circuits and expressions whose gates carry out multiplication in a non-associative groupoid such as loop. We define a class we call the polyabelian groupoids, formed by iterated quasidirect products of Abelian groups. We show that a loop can express arbitrary Boolean functions if and only if it is not polyabelian, in which case its Expression Evaluation and Circuit Value problems are NC 1 -complete and P-complete respectively. This is not true for groupoids in general, and we give a counter-example. We show that Expression Evaluation is also NC 1 -complete if the groupoid has a non-solvable multiplication semigroup, but is in TC 0 if the groupoid is both polyabelian and has a solvable multiplication semigroup. Thus, in the no...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".