Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tuberculosis has afflicted man since prehistoric times. Evidence of spinal tuberculosis has been found in neolithic skeletons as well as in early Egyptian remains. The ancient Greeks recognised tuberculosis and called it pthisis to characterise the wasting that occurs in the disease. Tuberculosis was not a major health problem until the Industrial Revolution when crowded urban communities were created thus facilitating the spread of the infection. In Europe, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, as many as a quarter of all deaths could be attributed to tuberculosis. In 1865 Villemin demonstrated the infective nature of the disease when he successfully transmitted the disease to guinea pigs by inoculating them wi.th diseased tissues but it was not until 1882 that Koch discovered the aetiological agent and elucidated the pathogenesis of the disease. With better living conditions and the advent of modem chemotherapy, the incidence of tuberculosis in many developed countries has, since the turn of the century, decreased dramatically. In many low income, developing countries however, there has been no observable decline in incidence. The world situation The current world-wide situation with tuberculosis gives rise to concern. The WorId Health Organisation estimates that 8 million new cases of tuberculosis occurred in 1990. In the same year tuberculosis
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.115 | 0.036 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".