Aquatic Programs for Individuals with Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Self-Reported Changes in Activities of Daily Living
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Arthritis is the inflammation of any joint in the body, involving continuous symptoms that are highly variable and dependent on the person. Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis have been shown to affect a person’s ability to be independent in performing activities of daily living, and aquatic therapy has been shown to decrease pain and improve functional abilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of self-reported functional improvement in those who continued to participate in a specialized aquatic program in the Puget Sound region or in the Metro Vancouver area of British Columbia. The effectiveness of such programs was evaluated from the client’s point of view by means of a survey distributed to 14 community centers in Washington and British Columbia that offered aquatics programs for people with arthritis. Centers used the Arthritis Foundation Aquatics Program in Washington and the Arthritis Society’s Water Works program in British Columbia. A total of 353 surveys were sent to aquatic facilities and 131 (37%) surveys were returned. Mean Health Assessment Questionnaire score for all respondents was 0.89 (SD = 0.65). Respondents rated their abilities to perform ADLs and IADLs before they started the aquatics program
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".