Sounding Canadian from Coast to Coast: Regional accents in Canadian English
Bibliographic record
Abstract
language variant that has cast off the yoke of both external and internal colonialism. In its pages, Canadians found an affirmation that they are different from Americans, as the elusive Canadian identity took tangible form in all the words they had been using all their lives without knowing they were Canadianisms. But the vocabulary recorded in the dictionary also reflected an assertion of non-anglophone cultural identities within Canada. The numbers of words borrowed into English from immigrant languages such as Ukrainian and Italian demonstrated a recognition of those cultures by Canadian society which would have been unimaginable two generations ago. The increasing influence of Canadian French, especially in Quebec, coincided with the growing rejection of perceived Anglo colonialism in that province, while the Native peoples ’ cultural renaissance and rejection of definition by the colonializing culture has resulted in a wave of new self-designations and words designating Native cultural realities. But some remnants of colonialism linger, as demonstrated by the reluctance of some users, often virulently expressed, to accept some of the facts about Canadian English recorded in the dictionary.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".