A Century of Accent Change in Australian English Abstract
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports on the first of a series of analyses from the Australian Ancestors Project (AA) which is a large scale endeavour designed to examine the origins and evolution of the Australian English (AusE) accent through an acoustic study of speech from twentieth century audio recordings of elderly Australians. The present paper provides an analysis of vowels sounds used by Australians born in the 1880s and gives some insight into pronunciation prior to the time of Federation. Our current body of empirical evidence for Australian accent evolution is restricted to the second half of the 20 th century and this new resource provides valuable evidence for the dynamic processes involved in dialect change. This analysis is similar to the acoustic component of the ONZE project (Gordon, Campbell, Hay, Maclagan, Sudbury and Trudgill, 2004) which provides an invaluable model for the examination of historical speech data. We believe that AusE began in the early colony as a koine, that is, a new dialect that developed as a result of contact between speakers of different but mutually intelligible forms of a language (Kerswill, 2002). Koineisation is often complete by the second
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".