Textile Trade Liberalization: Concerns about Widening Gaps
Bibliographic record
Abstract
are wide economic gaps between more developed countries including Singapore and Thailand and less developed ones including Vietnam. The gaps represents one of the largest obstacles to realizing the ASEAN’s goal of market integration and the situation is at risk of getting even worse next year, as it is increasingly likely that the complete liberalization of textile and apparel trade will depress exports from Cambodia and cause its economic growth to plunge. In order for ASEAN to maintain its cohesion, it will become all the more important to take steps to redress disparities among its member nations. Economic Growth to Drop Below 3% Based on the Multilateral Fiber Agreement (MFA) signed in 1974, the US, Canada and the European Union (EU) have maintained quotas limiting the amount of textile products (textiles and apparels) imported from major developing countries. The quotas, however, are to be eliminated entirely by January 1, 2005 according to the rules established by World Trade Organization (WTO). With this, trade in textiles and apparels will be completely liberalized1 and China and India is likely to further
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.020 | 0.032 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.013 | 0.020 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.018 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".