Insects and Diseases PS&C Prairie Soils & Crops Journal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
One of the main constraints to successful barley production results from foliar diseases, which destroy green leaf area and thus restrict the barley plant’s ability to set yield and fill grain. Although a range of strategies are available to control foliar and other cereal diseases, rarely does the use of a single “silver bullet ” solution provide complete protection. The main barley foliar diseases in western Canada are scald, (Rhynchosporium secalis), netted (Drechslera teres (Sacc.) Shoemaker) and spotted (Drechslera teres f. maculata Smedeg.) forms of net blotch, and spot blotch (Cochliobolus sativus (Ito & Kuribayashi) Drechs. ex Dastur). Scald, net blotch and spot blotch each have unique life cycles, and as a consequence producers need to consider a combination of strategies to provide effective and consistent long-term protection from these foliar diseases. This paper provides an overview of the holistic management of common foliar diseases of barley in western Canada, using a diverse set of management tools, and applying a growing season perspective.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.043 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".