xviii © Newfoundland Specialized Stamp Catalogue (NSSC) Newfoundland Postage Stamps, 1857–1949: A Brief Historical and Iconographic Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
released by the Newfoundland Post Office. These stamps were used for letter, parcel and airmail until April 1, 1949 when they were replaced by Canadian stamps. Since they were not demonetized, Newfoundland stamps can still be used legally on mail posted in Canada. Besides Newfoundland's definitive, commemorative and airmail stamps, collectors can study and collect postage due, official seal, revenue, money order, transportation, customs duty, beer, war savings and cigarette stamps. Philatelists can also collect various types of covers, such as stampless, postal rates, pioneer airmail flight and first day covers, and postal stationary, including post cards, envelopes, wrappers and advertising covers. Collectors of the stamps of British North America still avidly compete for Newfoundland stamps and covers at stamp auctions throughout the world. In fact, a few Newfoundland stamps and covers are counted amongst the world's great rarities and have catalogue values in the tens of thousands of dollars. Nevertheless, most Newfoundland stamps are priced well within the reach of collectors with even modest budgets. Besides their value to collectors, Newfoundland's stamps are also noteworthy for their designs. From either an aesthetic or an iconographic perspective close study of the designs can yield fascinating results. Although some of the designs are either derivative or similar to those used by other colonies and countries, many were unique and are considered gems by many philatelists. From an iconographic perspective the designs reflect
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.016 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.148 | 0.052 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".