Bibliographic record
Abstract
Caribou leaders are a key concept in traditional hunting practice with indigenous caribou hunters of Northwestern Canada. Some hunters perceive that "letting caribou leaders pass " prevents disruption to caribou migration. This concept was adapted to roadside hunting through an enforced hunting closure on the Dempster highway during the fall migration of the Porcupine Caribou Herd. This study sought to define caribou leaders through traditional knowledge, experimentally test for leadership in captive caribou, and identify barriers to applying the traditional concept to policy. Findings indicate that caribou leaders are defined in multiple context-specific ways, and the term can represent all age and sex classes of caribou. Respondents described practical applications of caribou leadership to ensure caribou harvest or ease reindeer herd management. Female caribou emerged as leaders in pairs during the experiment, which indicated that females could become leaders at this scale. The analysis of "letting the leaders pass " policy showed that context specificity, together with social and political change, as well as an institutional mismatch prevented continued use of the traditional concept as enforceable regulation. iv
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.789 | 0.633 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".