Non-Marine occurrence of the foraminifer Cribroelphidium gunteri
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Analysis of sediment samples from the sediment-water interface of Point River Bay, northern Lake Winnipe-gosis, a very large lake in central Manitoba, indicates that Cribroelphidium gunteri, a coastal marine foramin-ifer, is living and has adapted to this northern lake en-vironment in salinities as low as 1–2‰. In Point River Bay, summer water temperatures reach 15.68C, margin-ally above the minimum 14.58C required for reproduc-tion by C. gunteri. This benthic foraminifer colonized saline parts of the lake during the warm Holocene Hyp-sithermal (6000–3500 years BP), probably by avian transport. Previous analysis of stratigraphic data sug-gested that C. gunteri had died out in this area as con-ditions became cooler. This hypothesis had been corrob-orated by the post-Hypsithermal retreat of the marine range of C. gunteri from the Maritimes of Atlantic Can-ada to the south of Cape Cod, MA. Although recent col-onization of the lake cannot be precluded, marine source populations of C. gunteri are now quite distant, making the only viable colonization mode, avian transport, very difficult. The adaptation of the mid-Holocene popula-tions of this species to the progressively colder post Hyp-sithermal climate and often to extremely low salinity val-ues in Lake Winnipegosis is remarkable. The great abundance of C. gunteri in sediments of Lake Winni-pegosis, in some areas making up most of the sediment, also raises potential concerns about the interpretation of supposed marine sections based exclusively on the pres-ence of foraminifera.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".