Individual freedom and the supremacy of law: Alan Brudner on criminal justice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article considers Alan Brudner’s contribution to criminal law theory. Part I makes clear just how distinctive his Hegelian account of criminal law is from the two accounts that dominated the field over the past half century. Part II considers the important connection between criminal justice and the authority of law that stands at the centre of Brudner’s Hegelian account. We need not go as far as Hannah Arendt and insist that ‘authority has vanished from the modern world,’ but it has largely disappeared from discussions of criminal law, and the subject is much the poorer for that. Brudner’s work leads the way to a recovery and recentring of authority in our account of the field. Part III considers the significance of Brudner’s insistence that his is a distinctively liberal account of criminal law. Although his account is distinctively liberal, the connection he draws between criminal law and political authority speaks not only to liberals but to anyone who recognizes the importance of legal ordering.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.033 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".