Review of <i>In the Days of Our Grandmothers: A Reader in\nAboriginal Women's History in Canada</i> Edited\nby Mary-Ellen KeIm and Lorna Townsend
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This collection of articles published since the early 1990s makes a welcome contribution to the range of texts available for both Native Studies and Women's Studies courses at the upper and graduate leveL In an excellent short introductory essay, Mary-Ellen KeIrn and Lorna Townsend provide a useful historiographic context for the collection and explain their desire to bring Aboriginal women "out of the shadows" by choosing essays that reflect contemporary scholarship and illustrate the diversity of Aboriginal women's histories. They take contributor Jean Barman at her word in turning the past on its head and making Aboriginal women rather than men the focus of study, probing lived experience and moving beyond the universalizing and homogenizing tendencies that characterized an earlier generation of scholarship.\nFourteen essays by some of the leading scholars in the field critically situate Aboriginal women in the fur trade, in Christian missions, in the economy, and in the law, demonstrating as well the use of alternative sources such as oral histories, stories, and visual images, and drawing on recent work on the gendered nature of colonialism. Several of these articles are familiar, having already been anthologized, but this is not necessarily a shortcoming since they gain new significance in the company of other work in the field. Where earlier studies may have looked for universal truths, the more recent scholarship exemplified by this collection has grappled with complexity and variation. Several authors stress the need to acknowledge individuality and change over time in combination with other factors such as location, age, status, and local conditions.\nAs the editors admit, the selection is regionally imbalanced, with British Columbia and the Great Plains receiving the lion's share of attention; and some attempt is made to cross national boundaries. On the other hand, articles by Jo-Anne Fiske and Joan Sangster give an overview of the role of the Canadian state and the law in the lives of Aboriginal women, pointing out how both have sexualized and subordinated them, though neither succeeded in preventing them from speaking out against their oppression and retaining considerable influence and power. Emma Larocque underscores a point fundamental to all the contributions: that "while all Natives experience racism, Native women suffer from sexism as well."
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".