Acériculture à l'ère du développement durable : fermentation de sirop d'érable déclassé pour la production des boissons
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Quebec, the world leader in maple syrup production, is facing a major challenge due to the production of syrups with flavour defects. In 2023, for example, 15.8% of the maple syrup was downgraded, leading to economic and food losses. However, this issue represents an opportunity for the food processing industry, since despite the flavour defects, their chemical composition is suitable for fermentation. This research project aims to valorize defective maple syrup by fermentation in order to produce alcoholic beverages. First, a maple wine was studied to evaluate the impact of downgraded maple syrup and various fermentation parameters (concentration of sugars, nutrients and yeasts) on the profile of the wine, including fermentation kinetics, physicochemical characteristics and volatile compounds produced. The chemical composition of several types of downgraded maple syrup and their fermentation potential were studied. In addition to these tests, a comparison of the volatile profile of distilled maple beverages was also performed. The results showed that downgraded maple syrup has the potential to produce maple wine, with faster fermentation kinetics than maple syrup. Fermentation conditions influenced the profile of maple wines in terms of ethanol concentration, residual sugars, glycerol, acidity levels and profile of volatile compounds produced. Differences in the physicochemical characteristics between the different types of downgraded maple syrups were observed. Despite these differences, the downgraded maple syrups exhibited a high fermentation efficiency and, in most cases, a volatile compound profile similar to the prime maple syrup after distillation. To the best of your knowledge, this research is the first in the world to demonstrate the potential for valorization of degraded maple syrup by fermentation to produce high-quality beverages with a distinctive maple chemical profile. By implementing the principles of sustainable development, this project offers maple syrup producers added value for a by-product of lower economic value, but requiring as much effort to produce as maple syrup.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".