Bibliographic record
Abstract
Acicnemis ryukyuana Lewis, 2023 Figs 1, 2 F, 6 N 1–6, 2, 25, 32 A, C Type material examined (Japan: 28). Holotype. Japan: Okinawa Prefecture: • Ishigaki, Omoto-dake, 2. VII. 1991, K. Hidetada, bears black-bordered red label reading “ HOLOTYPE / Acicnemis ryukyuana / Lewis, 2023 ”, JHL_ACI_004, dissected male, deposited in KUM. Paratypes. Japan: Okinawa Prefecture: • Ishigaki Island, Yarabu-dake, 28. V. 1998, K. Takahashi (1, KUM), JHL_ACI_001; • Ishigaki Island, Omoto-dake, 2. VII. 1991, K. Hidetada (9, KUM), JHL_ACI_002, JHL_ACI_003, JHL_ACI_005 – JHL_ACI_011; • Ishigaki Island, Mt. Yarabudake, 17–20. IV. 1998, S. Ohmomo (1, KUM), JHL_ACI_012; • Ishigaki Island, Omotodake, 30. VI. 1974 (1, KUM), JHL_ACI_013; • Okinawa Island, Kunigami, Yambaru National Park, Yona Field (26.73972°N, 128.23630°E), 4–18. IX. 2015, A. Miyagi, Y. Tamaki, I. Maehira, L. Iha, S. Iriyama, T. Yoshida (2, OIST), OKENT 0063788, OKENT 0063789 (dissected male); • Okinawa Island, Kunigami, Yambaru National Park, Yona Field (26.73972°N, 128.23630°E), 7–21. VIII. 2015, M. Yoshimura, M. Ogasawara (1, OIST), OKENT 0053190 (GenBank accession number: PV 255639); • Okinawa Island, Kunigami, Yambaru National Park, Yona Field (26.73894°N, 128.23720°E), 21. VIII – 4. IX. 2015, Y. Tamaki, T. Yoshida (2, OIST), OKENT 0055037, OKENT 0053264; • Okinawa Island, Kunigami, Yambaru National Park, Yona Field (26.73972°N, 128.23630°E), 18. IX – 16. X. 2015, A. Miyagi, I. Maehira, T. Yoshida (1, OIST), OKENT 0053498 (GenBank accession number: PV 255640); • Okinawa Island, Hiji, 8. VII. 1974, T. Mikage (1, KUM), JHL_ACI_014. Non-type material. Japan: Okinawa Prefecture: • Takeda-rindo, Ishigaki Island, 19–22. II. 2007, H. Makihara & E. Kagaya (1, KUM), JHL _AREV_625. Diagnosis. Body length 3.2–5.0 mm. Covered in dark gray, black, and bright yellow scales, with a black-bordered, yellow spot at the center of each elytron. Apex of elytra covered in yellow scales, and contrasting with overall dark dorsal surface of elytra. Pronotum lacking impunctate longitudinal midline (present in A. koguma), but with an M-shaped band of yellow scales. Scutellum small, red, shiny, and largely bare over dorsal surface. Elytra with long, erect scales only on odd intervals. Sclerolepidia distinct and protruding. Third tarsomeres weakly emarginate to truncate (Fig. 2 F). Pedon with lateral edges approx. parallel in dorsal view, but converging evenly into a blunt, rounded point. Internal sac not visible inside aedeagus, but with protruding basal structure that bears a distinctive U-shaped formation anteriorly at its apex (Fig. 6 N 1 – 2). Distribution. This species is known only from Okinawa Prefecture, Japan (Yambaru National Park (Okinawa Island) and forested regions of Ishigaki Island. Remarks. This species is very distinct from other Japanese Acicnemis and its range-restricted, endemic presence in pristine, subtropical rain forest dominated parts of Okinawa Prefecture was hitherto a mystery. However, preliminary morphological and molecular evidence suggest a sister relationship between A. ryukyuana and an undescribed Southeast Asian (Thai) species that possesses emarginate third tarsomeres. Acicnemis ryukyuana likely represents a lineage that was isolated from the undescribed Thai species lineage when the Ryukyu Islands separated from mainland Asia (see Osozawa et al. 2011) and evolved truncate third tarsomeres as derived character.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".