Strong or Weak, Leader or Enemy: Populist Characterizations of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau in Alberta Political Cartoons (1974–1983)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
After decades of mainly conservative leadership, the political culture in Alberta, Canada is often regarded as one of the most “right wing” in Canada. With a history of sentiments grounded in Western alienation and ongoing opposition to the federal government, Alberta has also been prone to different types of populist politics. In this article, the authors interrogate the roots of Alberta’s anti-Ottawa and anti-federalist sentiments through an analysis of media as an input or reinforcement to public opinion. Through an analysis of political satire in a popular Alberta newspaper, they find that the anti-Ottawa sentiment is largely grounded in antagonism toward Pierre E. Trudeau. Grounded in the analyses of media framing of leadership in political cartoons (n = 2,058) published in the Calgary Herald from 1972 to 2012, the results speak to the patterns of blaming and scapegoating within Albertan politics and highlight how the framing of economic loss, political alienation, and marginalization, even satire, has become a default position within the province.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.015 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".