The intersectionalityy of sex and deprivation on children and young people's experience of emergency acute asthma care in high-income countries - rapid review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: During childhood, a higher rate of ED visits is observed in boys, which is reversed in adulthood. Furthermore, Children and young people (CYP) from the most deprived areas experience higher rates of emergency hospital admissions. This review aims to investigate how the intersection of sex and deprivation shapes CYPs experiences of emergency asthma care in high-income countries (HIC). Methods: Peer-reviewed papers published from January 2014 to March 2024 were identified through four electronic database searches: Web of Science, EBSCO (MEDLINE and CINAHL), and Scopus. Deprivation was defined as low Socioeconomic status (SES) in this review to address the heterogeneity observed in the included articles regarding (SES) and deprivation. Results: A total of 19 unique articles were included in the review. Most (n=14) were from the United States of America (USA), two from Canada and one from France and Korea. 17 articles reported deprivation-specific differences, while only ten mentioned sex-specific differences in emergency asthma care experiences of CYP in HIC. And none examined the intersectional effect of sex and deprivation. Conclusion: CYP from the most deprived areas had higher rate of hospital admissions and ED revisits; and a lower rate of follow-up post-discharge. Limited data from statistically underpowered studies, identified no sex-specific differences in emergency asthma care experiences of CYP. The predominance of US-based studies in this review may limit the generalizability of findings to other high-income countries with different healthcare systems, such as the United Kingdom and Australia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".