Beyond taste: Multisensory aspects to food enjoyment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Our experience with food extends beyond taste alone. All our senses play a part in the enjoyment and perception of food. This narrative review aims to discuss the contributions of orthonasal olfaction, audition, haptics, thermoception, and vision to the multisensory perceptions and enjoyment of food. Smells impact food enjoyment by enhancing specific flavours and triggering appetite. Ambient sounds, as well as sounds made during food consumption, affect the experience and enjoyment of eating. The feeling of food in the mouth, including its spice, contributes to the enhancement of the eating experience. Visual cues such as food arrangement and colour, as well as ambiance, make an important contribution to the aesthetic satisfaction, food preferences, and enjoyment. These senses also interact with each other to create new expectations. For example, scents are perceived more intensely if a beverage is coloured, which in turn affects the perceived intensity of taste. Understanding how senses interact to influence the eating experiences provides valuable insights into what affects food enjoyment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".