Paired environmental stressors reduce antipredator responses to predator dietary cues in Trinidadian guppies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Freshwater prey rely on chemosensory information, such as predator dietary cues, to accurately assess local predation risk. Climate change is increasing the frequency of multiple environmental stressors that can disrupt how prey detect and respond to such cues, yet few studies have examined how stressors affecting different sensory modalities interact to shape antipredator behaviour. Here, we tested how paired stressors alter prey responses to predator dietary cues. Trinidadian guppies were exposed to two stressor combinations (warming + acidification and warming + turbidity) and received either predator dietary cues from Jack Dempsey cichlids or a water control. We then assessed shoaling index and area use as indicators of antipredator behaviour. Overall, increasing stressor intensity reduced antipredator responses, regardless of the sensory modalities affected. Our study highlights the need to examine a broader range of chemical cues and to better understand how multiple stressors shape predator–prey interactions in freshwater ecosystems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".