Hair stress hormones in individuals with a recent suicide attempt experiencing a depressive episode
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Stressful events and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)- axis contribute to the risk of suicide attempt (SA) in persons in depressive episodes. Hair cortisol, cortisone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) concentrations may serve as reliable indicators of HPA axis dysregulation prior to SA. Methods Participants (n= 75; mean age [standard deviation]= 30.0 [10.2] years; n= 49 [65%] women; Jena site) comprised three groups: individuals with a history of SA approximately one month (SA; n= 22); individuals with a current depressive episode without SA history (CC; n= 31) and healthy individuals (HC; n= 22). SA was defined as self-initiated, potentially injurious behavior accompanied by some intent to die. Stress hormones were measured using LC-MS/MS protocol (days from sampling to analysis= 342 [171]) and logarithmic transformed. Group differences in hair stress hormones with hair segments representing time were tested using linear mixed models on a p< .05 threshold. Exploratory models further examined the effects of childhood abuse, frequency of SAs, suicide intent level and impulsiveness of the last SA of mean hormone levels, on a corrected p corr < .012 threshold. Results There was a main effect of group for the DHEA-log (p= .02) and post-hoc tests indicated that SA group had higher DHEA compared to CC (p corr = .01) and HC (p corr = .08) in the peri-suicidal period. There were no significant (p< .05) interaction or group effects on cortisol-log and cortisone-log. Preliminary exploratory analyses showed that SA with multiple attempts had higher mean DHEA-log compared to SA with a single suicide attempt (p uncorr = .05). Furthermore, there were positive associations between level of suicide intent and both mean cortisol-log (p uncorr = .02) and mean cortisone-log (p uncorr = .02). Childhood abuse and impulsiveness of the last SA were not related to hair stress hormones. Conclusions Individuals with a recent history of SA showed alterations in the DHEA hair levels. These results partially support dysregulation of the HPA axis as a biopsychosocial feature of SA. Future longitudinal and experimental studies should investigate whether hair HPA axis hormones can serve as markers of suicidal crisis and vulnerability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".