Notropis missuriensis

?Notropis missuriensis(Cope, 1871) Figures 10 C, 13 D – 13, 14, 15, 16 D, 20, 21 B, E, H, 22 B, 23, 24 Synonymy. Hybopsis missuriensis Cope, 1871: 437; tributary to Missouri River, Buchanan County, near St. Joseph, Missouri. Lectotype ANSP 4374 (designated by Fowler 1910: 274, pl. 15, fig. 6). Hybopsis scylla Cope, 1871: 438; Red Cloud Creek, tributary of North Platte River, Wyoming. Alburnus lineolatus Putnam, 1863: 9; Osage River, tributary to Missouri River, Missouri, USA Cliola chlora Jordan, 1878: 791; Upper Missouri River system, USA Material examined. Lectotype ANSP 4374, 40.2 mm SL (photograph only); Buchanan: near St. Joseph, Missouri; JFBM 42067, 10, 40–53 mm SL; Goodhue: Cannon River downstream of Welch, River mile 13, 44°33'50"N 092°43'39"W; 23 July, 2002. – JFBM 42029, 12, 43–50 mm SL; Wabasha: Zumbro River at Boat Access at park in Millville (zumr 05) at river mile 35.75, 44°14'17"N 092°18'21"W; 17 June 2002. – JFBM 42054, 6, 48–54 mm SL; Wabasha: Zumbro River at Canoe Access Near Railroad Bridge (zumr 01), 44°18'47"N 091°58'54"W; 19 June, 2002. – TCWC 17163.04, 12, 33–43 mm SL; Tipton: Bear Creek at Pryor Road crossing, 35°26'49"N 089°57'43"W; 12 June, 2013. – TCWC 17160.13, 35, 33–54 mm SL; Fayette: Hoffman Creek at hwy 51 road crossing, 39°02'45"N 089°05'18"W; 10 June, 2003. – KU 8662, 39, 21–41 mm SL; Montgomery: East Nishnebotna River, 4 miles S and 1.5 miles W of Red Oak, 40°56'40"N 095°15'54"W; 8 August, 1964. – NYSM 62699, 12, 32–44 mm SL; Franklin: Soldier River, 41°44'17"N 096°05'27"W; – KU 4186, 28, 28–51 mm SL; Pottawatomie: Carnahan Creek, 39°20'34"N 096°38'07"W; 8 July, 1958. – AKP 11 -16, Uncatalogued, 14, 20–58 mm SL; Buchanan: Contrary Creek, Missouri River trib., 39°37'04"N 094°53'22"W; 17 March, 2016. – TCWC 2485.05, 43, 34–50 mm SL; Douglas: Coon Creek, 0.25 mi from Lecompton, County Rd 432, 39°02'17"N 095°24'35"W; 2 September, 1978. – KU 14624, 182, 35–50 mm SL; Harding: Little Missouri River, 45°39'13"N 103°56'45"W; 16 July, 1970. – JFBM 24451, 3, 41–46 mm SL; Otter Tail: Pelican River W of Highway 94, 46°17'12"N 096°08'04"W; 20 July, 1989. – ROM 16616, 3, 37–51 mm SL; at oxbow, Souris River, 49°13'09"N 102°10'40"W; 21 July, 1952. – JFBM 43379, 32, 26–50 mm SL; Assiniboine River at Highway 34, 6.9 miles N of Holland, 49°41'57"N 098°54'00"W; 28 April, 2004. – MM 1532, 50, 28–48 mm SL; Swan River, 52°05'56"N 01°17'44"W. Diagnosis. Notropis missuriensis is distinguished from all other members of the N. stramineus species group, except N. topeka and N. multicorniculatus sp. nov., by the presence of medium-to-large tubercles across much of the head. It is distinguished from N. topeka by the presence of tubercles across all lateral regions of the head, except posteriormost part of lacrimal and anteriormost part of suborbital regions (vs. presence of tubercles in posteriormost part of lacrimal and anteriormost part of suborbital regions, but lacking in infraorbital, preopercular, opercular, and subopercular regions). It is distinguished from Notropis multicorniculatus sp. nov. by having physically smaller tubercles (a typical rostral tubercle measuring ca. 200 um at base vs. 150 um at base), absence (vs. presence) of tubercles on chest, fewer rows of tubercles on pectoral fins (5–6 vs. 8–10), a slightly less deep head, with head depth at occiput ca. 49 % HL (vs. ca. 52 %), head depth at orbit ca. 63 % HL (vs. 67 %), 7–10 (modally 7) circumpeduncular scale rows (vs. 7–9, modally 9), and modally 10–13 (modally 12) circumferential scale rows (vs. 11–16, modally 13). These scale counts also correspond to a generally larger scale size in N. missuriensis (vs. smaller, more crowded predorsal scales in N. multicorniculatus sp. nov.). Notropis missuriensis is further distinguished from N. chihuahua, N. lucifer sp. nov. and N. oblitus sp. nov. by the presence of the cross-hatching pattern on scale rows ventral to the lateral-line scale row anteriorly, typically along the first five to eight scale rows (vs. cross-hatching pattern absent in scale rows ventral to lateral-line scale row), and cross-hatched pigment along posterior scale margins dorsal to lateral-line scale rows persisting on posterior of body to caudal-fin base (vs. cross-hatch pattern absent or weak posteriorly). It is further distinguished from Notropis oblitus sp. nov. by having a smaller eye (ca. 27 % HL vs. ca. 32 % of HL), and in life an overall greater abundance of dusky pigmentation generally (vs. body mainly silvery in life). It is further distinguished from N. lucifer sp. nov. and N. chihuahua by the presence of a cross-hatching pattern of melanophores two to three scale rows dorsal to the lateral-line scale row along the entire length of the body (vs. absent or very weakly developed along the length of the body), a prominent bluish sheen laterally in life (vs. bluish sheen absent), and yellow to peach pectoral fins and pectoral-fin base in males (vs. pectoral fins transparent, pectoral-fin base silvery or cream in color). Description. Body shape and general appearance as in Figures 23 and 24. Morphometric and meristic data are listed in Tables 7. Largest specimen examined 55.1 mm SL. As described for N. stramineus, except for the following. Eye small, body typically robust, anterior dorsal profile arching steeply toward dorsal fin. In males at peak spawning, cephalic tubercles typically small to medium, distributed across all cephalic regions, smallest in opercular region, largest in rostral and subopercular regions, sparse in gular region, and apparently lacking in branchiostegal and chest regions. Pectoral fin tubercles present on rays 1–8, sometimes 9. Coloration. As described for Notropis stramineus. Distribution. Notropis missuriensis is distributed throughout the northern Midwest of the U. S. and parts of southern Canada, including in the north-flowing Red River of the North, a part of the Hudson Bay system, and throughout tributaries of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers in the Great Plains. This includes the states Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Wyoming, and the Canadian provinces Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Notropis missuriensis has been taken once from the Mississippi River main stem in Arkansas, but is otherwise not present in the state (Robison and Buchanan 2020; H. Robison, pers comm.). The species may be an occasional drifter, occasionally establishing in tributaries of the Mississippi River, as indicated by the existence of a population in Bear Creek, Tipton County, Tennessee, a short tributary of the Mississippi River.

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