Soft error robust impulse and TSPC flip-flops in 90nm CMOS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We propose an impulse flip-flop and a true single-phase clock (TSPC) flip-flop that are soft error robust. Each flip-flop consists of a unique transfer unit and a soft error robust 8-transistor Quatro latch. The transfer unit of the impulse flip-flop uses the clock signal and its complement to generate a narrow voltage pulse that enables writing the data into the Quatro latch. In contrast, the transfer unit of the TSPC flip-flop uses only the clock signal to conditionally pass the data into the Quatro latch. The flip-flops exhibit as much as 56% lower power-delay product when compared with a recently reported soft error robust flip-flop. The maximum area overhead of the proposed flip-flops is only 10% with respect to a master-slave D flip-flop. Post-layout simulations in 90nm CMOS technology confirms the functionality of the proposed flip-flops while an accelerated radiation test on an SRAM chip shows 47x lower soft error rate in the Quatro latch used in the proposed flip-flops.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".