Absence of CC chemokine ligand 2 results in an altered Th1/Th2 cytokine balance and failure to expel Trichuris muris infection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Despite a growing understanding of the role of cytokines in immunity to intestinal helminth infections, the importance of chemokines has been neglected. As a chemokine with both chemoattractive properties and an ability to shape the quality of the adaptive immune response, CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) was investigated as an attractive candidate for controlling resistance to these types of infection, which require highly polarized Th cell responses. We show here for the first time that CCL2 plays an important role in the development of resistance to infection by the gastrointestinal nematode Trichuris muris. Thus, in the absence of CCL2, worm expulsion does not occur, and the lymph node draining the site of infection becomes a Thl-promoting environment. Elevated levels of IL-12 are produced by polarizing APCs, and the composition of the APC environment itself is perturbed, with reduced numbers of macrophages.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".