A Deep Dive down the Broad-line Region: Permitted O I, Ca II, and Fe II Emission in an Active Galactic Nucleus Little Red Dot at z = 5.3
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Acknowledgements: We thank Dr. Marianne Vestergaard and Dr. Yoshiki Matsuoka for kindly sharing the iron templates used in this work and their insightful suggestions. The authors also thank Dr. Cupani and Dr. Calderone for their useful suggestions on the use of iron templates. R.T., M.B., N.M., V.M., A.H., G.R., J.J., and G.F. acknowledge support from the ERC grant FIRSTLIGHT and from the Slovenian national research agency ARIS through grants N1-0238 and P1-0188. R.T. and L.P. acknowledge support from the PRIN 2022 MURproject 2022CB3PJ3 – First Light And Galaxy aSsembly (FLAGS) funded by the European Union – Next Generation EU. G.R. and M.B. acknowledge support from the European Space Agency through Prodex Experiment Arrangement No. 4000146646. This research was enabled by grant 18JWST-GTO1 from the Canadian Space Agency and Discovery grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada to M.S., R.A., and A.M. This research used the Canadian Advanced Network For Astronomy Research (CANFAR), operated in partnership by the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre and the Digital Research Alliance of Canada with support from the National Research Council of Canada, the Canadian Space Agency, CANARIE, and the Canadian Foundation for Innovation. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program #4598. Support for program #4598 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127. B.L. is supported by the international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSF NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the U.S. National Science Foundation, on behalf of the Gemini partnership of Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, the Republic of Korea, and the United States of America.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".