Kansallisten paikkatiedon metatietopalvelujen vertailu
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spatial metadata is data about geographic information resources. In spatial metadata services users can search and view spatial metadata, i.e. descriptions of geographic information resources. Data producers can also document their own metadata. Metadata of all national spatial data resources are collected to the national spatial metadata services. The object of this master's thesis was to compare national spatial metadata services in Europe as well as in USA and Canada. The comparison covers the information content, the functional GUI elements and the usability of those services. European Commission has given the Inspire directive for spatial data infrastructure. In the directive the implementation rule for metadata define what metadata elements are required and how they should be presented. The implementation rules are based on the ISO 19115 and ISO 19119 standards that define hundreds of metadata elements. The implementation is still in process in many member states of the European Union. Metadata elements are found in the metadata services, but the content of the elements is partially missing. The functional GUI elements in the spatial metadata services are search functions, the representation of metadata, a metadata editor and a map interface. Through search functions user can search metadata documents based on search options. The collection of search options in the compared metadata services does not complete the requirements of Inspire directive, except in the European Commission's Inspire Geoportal. Also the comparison of different metadata documents and the visual presentation of datasets for example on the map are not supported. The usability was evaluated only for metadata services in the Netherlands, in the United States and in Sweden. The usability was evaluated by heuristic evaluation. The GUI was evaluated through the predefined heuristic rules. Iii the Dutch metadata service the requirements for metadata and search options are completed well. The user needs are clearly considered, but some problems, like non-intuitive symbols, are still there. In the US metadata service the usability is good. However, the visual presentation of metadata documents is poor, and therefore, it is difficult for users to find out which elements have been used and what is their content. The GUI of the Swedish metadata service differs from GUIs in other metadata services studied. That makes it more complicated to learn. The Swedish service is also very professional-oriented. There are no direct links and the guide is difficult to find.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.062 | 0.109 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".