Extended Thermal Model of a Hydraulic Piston Accumulator
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hydraulic piston accumulators are widely used for energy storage and shock absorption in a broad range of industrial applications. While simplified models are often sufficient for general dimensioning, detailed design, energy optimization, and condition monitoring require more accurate representations of thermal and gas dynamics. This paper presents an extended thermal model of a steel-type hydraulic piston accumulator, in which the accumulator is segmented longitudinally to better capture spatial temperature variations. The model is validated experimentally using surface-mounted thermocouples and compared with the widely used benchmark model based on a single thermal time constant. Five operating scenarios are evaluated, including both natural and forced convection conditions. The extended model consistently demonstrates improved accuracy in estimating piston position, with steady-state errors reduced by up to 93\% compared to the benchmark. Sensitivity analyses further investigate the influence of thermal parameters, indicating the robustness of the extended model across varied conditions. The proposed model offers a more reliable framework for simulation, monitoring, and control of hydraulic accumulators in practical applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".