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Record W7113313032

AMERIKA SERIKAT DALAM RENEGOSIASI NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT MENUJU UNITED STATE-MEXICO-CANADA AGREEMENT

2025· other· id· W7113313032 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueAndalas University eThesis (Andalas University) · 2025
Typeother
Languageid
Field
Topic
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMultilateralismFree trade agreementAllianceInternational trade lawGovernment (linguistics)
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Penelitian ini membahas perilaku Amerika Serikat (AS) dalam renegosiasi North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) yang menghasilkan United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). Latar belakang penelitian ini berangkat dari keinginan Presiden Donald J. Trump yang ingin mengubah NAFTA menjadi perjanjian baru. Di tengah proses rengeosiasi yang memicu perang tarif antar negara anggota, AS berhasil membuat seluruh negara anggota menyepakati USMCA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis berbasis data sekunder melalui studi kepustakaan. Analisis dilakukan dengan memadukan dua kerangka konseptual. Pertama, konsep kekuasaan (power) dari James Lee Ray digunakan untuk memetakan distribusi kekuatan di antara AS, Kanada, dan Meksiko. Pemetaan ini menunjukkan adanya asimetri kekuasaan yang menempatkan AS pada posisi lebih dominan dibanding dua mitranya. Kedua, konsep suasion game dari Lisa L. Martin digunakan untuk menjelaskan instrumen yang dipakai AS dalam memanfaatkan asimetri tersebut. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa AS menggunakan kombinasi instrument ancaman (threats) dan insentif (side-payments) dalam proses renegosiasi. Ancaman diwujudkan melalui ancaman keluar dari NAFTA serta penerapan tarif baja dan aluminium, sedangkan insentif diberikan melalui pencabutan tarif serta keuntungan lainnya yang dilembagakan dalam USMCA. Strategi ini membuat Kanada dan Meksiko tidak memiliki pilihan selain menerima bentuk perjanjian baru yang lebih sesuai dengan keinginan AS. Dengan demikian, renegosiasi NAFTA yang menjadi USMCA mencerminkan adanya asimetri kekuasaan dalam kerjasama multilateral memberikan ruang bagi AS untuk memengaruhi keputusan Kanada dan Meksiko.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Open science, Research integrity, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Other · Consensus signal: Other
Teacher disagreement score0.568
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0040.005
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0040.002
Bibliometrics0.0090.016
Science and technology studies0.0030.003
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0070.003
Research integrity0.0010.003
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0080.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.008
GPT teacher head0.181
Teacher spread0.174 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it