Property restitution norms within peace processes and understandings of restitution amongst Palestinian Refugees
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Property restitution has been understood as an important aspect of refugee and IDP return in relation to reparations and transitional justice.Yet, scholars have pointed out that housing, land, and property (HLP) issues, despite their importance to return processes, remain marginal and illprioritized in conflict termination and peace processes.My thesis examines the localization of restitution and return norms across two levels; (1) in peace agreements using the PA-X Peace Agreements Database and (2) at the local level amongst Palestinian refugees, whose perspectives on restitution I have examined through the secondary literature.My findings suggest that the incorporation of restitution norms within peace processes since 1990 has been modest despite high attention paid to return, and that different generations of Palestinians hold varying views of what return entails, with older generations placing greater value on physical return to their original lands and property.Nonetheless, the significance of home and the homeland remain key symbols of return for Palestinians of all generations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.025 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".