Conservation Awareness and Public Knowledge of the Endangered Southern Resident Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) on Vancouver Island, Canada
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Southern Resident Killer Whales (SRKWs) are an endangered population of Orcinus orca, with only 74 individuals remaining. This study examined public knowledge, awareness, and conservation actions regarding SRKWs among 483 residents of Vancouver Island, Canada. Guided by Value‑Belief‑Norm and Place Attachment frameworks, it was predicted that length of residence would be positively associated with SRKW knowledge and awareness, as longer‑term residents are more likely to develop emotional and cognitive bonds with local ecosystems. Results supported this prediction: longer‑term residents distinguished ecotypes, identified SRKWs, and recognized their spatial distribution more accurately. Stressors such as salmon depletion and pollution were widely acknowledged across all residency groups, yet extinction risk was less recognized, revealing the limits of awareness alone. Findings emphasize that, although residents express concern and a willingness to adopt pro‑conservation behaviors, effective recovery requires communication strategies that integrate values, norms, and efficacy beliefs to foster meaningful conservation outcomes for SRKWs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it