A Verilog-A Laser Model for Use in Electro-Optical Simulations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Electro-optical simulation of integrated photonics and electronics can be carried out today in most electronic design automation (EDA) software. However, lasers are still modeled simply as a continuous wave ideal light source, preventing the measure of the impact of its non-idealities in various optical systems. In this work, we construct an equivalent circuit model of the laser rate equations, including phase and accounting for the correlated noise sources, and implement the model in Verilog-A. Internal laser parameters are extracted from measurement data of a Distributed Feedback (DFB) laser, and we find good agreement between the measurements and simulations of the model. Furthermore, we demonstrate our model by simulating a quadrature phase-shift-keying (QPSK) circuit. Our laser model enables simulations of simple electro-optic circuits that capture the dynamics and noise characteristics of semiconductor lasers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".