NUMERICAL EVALUATION OF SEISMICALLY DEFICIENT RC JOINTS RETROFITTED WITH FE-SMA
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures are seismically vulnerable given their design deficiencies and inadequate structural behaviour. Ageing and increasing weather-related hazards accelerate deterioration rate in regions subjected to harsh weather conditions. Particularly, Canadian civil infrastructure is affected by all these factors which increases their vulnerability to seismic actions. RC joints devotes special interest since they are integral structural components allowing continuity and transmission of forces. Therefore, joints are required to be the strongest elements in beam-columns joints. This permits a correct ductile behaviour and/or failure sequence in a structure. Generally, in poorly detailed RC joints this criterion is achieved through passive retrofitting techniques such as externally bonded fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP). Nevertheless, passive interventions may not be as effective as active retrofitting measures. Active retrofitting techniques, like shape memory alloys (SMAs), provide restorative forces which helps to close cracks (i.e., repair existing damage). This study conducts the assessment of an old RC frame building to seismically retrofit weak RC joints by applying a strength hierarchy approach. The strength hierarchy criteria identities joints lacking structural capacity and assist in the subsequent design of the retrofitting scheme. The potential of iron-based SMAs (Fe-SMA) as an active measure is explored by seizing the thermal activated shape memory effect. This generates a self-prestressing action in the material that can be harnessed to close cracks. Numerical models are developed to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing active retrofitting techniques over passive approaches. The outcomes reported that the strength hierarchy assessment is effective to size the retrofitting configuration for weak RC joints. The proposed retrofitting techniques not only improve the strength capacity of the joints but also their deformation capacity. A better overall behaviour is attained when the active intervention is implemented. After conducting the seismic retrofitting, beams become the weakest components in a RC beam-column joint.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it