THE RISK OF EARTHQUAKE-TRIGGERED LANDSLIDES IN QUICK CLAY REGIONS OF EASTERN CANADA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Quick clay regions are areas where soil is predominantly composed of clay particles that have been deposited in marine or glacial environments. These types of clays are unique as they can liquefy suddenly and slide without warning when they are disturbed, such as during an earthquake. Quick clay landslide can cause significant damage to properties and infrastructure. Historically some areas in Canada, specifically in Quebec and eastern Ontario, have experienced quick clay landslides. This study quantifies the impact of liquefaction and landslide on regional earthquake loss estimates for eastern Canada. Using a hypothetical portfolio of buildings and utilizing an earthquake catastrophe model for Canada, the study presents a probabilistic estimate of losses from shake, liquefaction, and landslide in Quebec. Results indicate that liquefaction and landslide increase average annual loss for this notional exposure by about 10% each. Also, it was found that the inclusion of quick clay increases landslide average annual loss for this notional exposure by 78%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".