SEISMIC PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BALLOON-TYPE CONVENTIONAL AND RESILIENT CLT SHEAR WALLS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper evaluates and compares the seismic performance of prototype modular mass timber buildings with balloon-type conventional and resilient cross laminated timber (CLT) shear walls as seismic force-resisting systems (SFRS). The newly developed dual-pinned self-centering coupled wall has been employed as a resilient SFRS, while conventional balloon-type CLT walls with doweled hold downs have been studied as the conventional SFRS. The seismic performance of buildings has been evaluated by employing the performance-based evaluation procedure outlined in the technical guideline published by the Canadian Construction Materials Center (CCMC)/National Research Council Canada (NRC). Robust finite element models of the resilient and conventional CLT shear walls have been developed in OpenSees. The nonlinear behavior of the displacement-controlled components is calibrated using available experimental data. A suite of ground motions suitable for the site located in Vancouver has been selected, scaled, and subjected to numerical models at 100% and 200% uniform hazard spectrum (UHS) intensity levels according to CCMC/NRC procedure. The results highlight the difference in the damage level and performance of the studied systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".