OpenFOAM simulation of the gravity current front in submergence on an incline
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using a well-calibrated OpenFOAM source code, we conducted a large-eddy simulation (LES) to study the gravity current front produced by a continuous buoyancy source in submergence on an inclined. The LES provides the turbulent velocity and vorticity structures of the current. At the leading edge of the current is a gravity current head developing from the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The most significant current occurs at the back of the current head through the neck -- which connects the head to the body of the trailing current. We relate the flow through the neck and the turbulent structure of the current head to the buoyancy flux and the slope of the incline. The front velocity obtained from the simulations agrees with the laboratory observation. The current velocity through the neck, not ever measured in the laboratory, is determined from the LES to be 1.94 and 2.22 times greater than the frontal speed for the inline slope angle of 5$^{\circ}$ and 10$^{\circ}$, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".