Impact analysis on non-planar 3D-printed FFF parts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the Charpy impact resistance of non-planar 3D-printed parts manufactured by fused filament fabrication (FFF). Traditional planar slicing introduces anisotropy and layer delamination, leading to suboptimal mechanical properties. Non-planar slicing methods, such as sinusoidal and bell-shaped patterns, offer promising enhancements by optimizing layer alignment and stress distribution. Five sample variations were designed using FullControl GCode Designer and tested following ASTM D6110 standards. Results indicate a significant improvement in impact strength for vertically oriented non-planar specimens, with up to 50% greater resistance than planar counterparts, as well as reduced anisotropy when comparing horizontally and vertically fabricated parts. This work highlights the potential of non-planar slicing for reducing anisotropy and improving the structural integrity of FFF parts, offering insights for industrial applications requiring tougher 3D-printed components.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".