Effect of Cr2O3 in steel refining slag on the corrosion kinetics of MgO-C refractories
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Understanding the high-temperature corrosion of the MgO-C refractories is crucial in terms of extending their lifespan, improving operational and economic efficiencies, enhancing safety while maintaining environmental responsibility. Despite extensive research, the impact of transition metal oxides in ladle furnace (LF) slag on MgO-C refractory corrosion remains insufficiently explored. This study examines the effect of Cr?O? content in a synthetic CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO (CSMA) based slag on the corrosion kinetics of MgO-C refractories, using both experimental and thermodynamic modeling approaches. A synthetic slag was designed to replicate the slag composition at the final stage of LF operation, characterized by high desulfurization and low MgO dissolution capacities. The base slag is MgO-saturated to eliminate the dissolution driving force for MgO. Corrosion experiments were conducted at 1650°C in a horizontal tube furnace under an Ar atmosphere, with varying Cr2O3 concentrations of 5 and 10 wt% tested across three distinct time intervals (30, 60, and 90 minutes). Microstructural characterization was conducted using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) to evaluate slag penetration depth and corrosion kinetics. The study aims to determine the effective penetration rate coefficient based on established capillary action theories, for varying Cr?O? content and assess how changes in slag properties influence penetration. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how slag composition variations affect refractory corrosion in batch production operations, providing insights for optimizing refractory performance and production of higher quality steels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".