Role of urinary potassium in ulcerative colitis and its correlation with disease expression: A cross-sectional study
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Environmental factors play an important role in regulating the balance between inflammation and immune tolerance in inflammatory bowel diseases. Potassium may be associated with an anti-inflammatory response. There is limited literature addressing the relationship between potassium and gut inflammatory responses. Hence, this study aims to assess the role of urinary potassium as a marker for ulcerative colitis (UC) disease activity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 20 patients with active UC, 20 patients with UC in remission, and 20 subjects as a control group. Clinical and endoscopic disease activity were determined by the Mayo score. A 24-h urinary potassium level was measured, and analysis was performed using an ion-selective electrode Cobas 6000 (Roche) system. Results: Urinary potassium was significantly lower in patients with active UC compared to those with inactive UC and the control group (mean 21.82 ± 26.24 mEq/day vs. mean 46.35 ± 21.42 mEq/day and mean 42.18 ± 5.31 mEq/day, respectively, P < 0.001). Urinary potassium correlated negatively with Mayo score ( P = 0.002), Montreal classification ( P = 0.001), fecal calprotectin ( P < 0.001), and C-reactive protein ( P = 0.001). Receiver-operating characteristic curve showed that urinary potassium can significantly discriminate between active and inactive UC at a cutoff level ≤28.2 mEq/day with 85.0% sensitivity, 75.0% specificity, 77.3% positive predictive value, and 83.3% negative predictive value with 80.0% overall accuracy. Conclusion: A 24-h urinary potassium measurement at a cutoff of ≤28.2 mEq/day could be an effective complementary marker for diagnosing active UC.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it