Single-Feed Multifunctional Reflectarray Enabling Quad-Polarization Switching and Wide-Angle Scanning
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This letter presents a reconfigurable reflectarray (RRA) capable of generating quad-polarization scanning beams with a fixed linearly polarized (LP) feed. Each element integrates four PIN diodes, providing 1-bit phase control for LP waves and 2-bit control for circular polarization (CP) waves. Using a beam-coding strategy inspired by Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase manipulation, the reflectarray can switch among LP, cross-LP, left-hand CP (LHCP), and right-hand CP (RHCP) states. Notably, distinct 1-bit and 2-bit phase compensations are employed for the LP and CP modes, respectively. A 16 × 16 Ku-band prototype was fabricated and experimentally characterized. Measurements demonstrate beam scanning up to ±60°, with peak gains exceeding 21 dBi and 3-dB gain bandwidths of 19.0% in LP mode, 19.5% in cross-LP mode, and 16.9% in both CP modes. Compared with prior works, the proposed design achieves wider bandwidth and quad-polarization reconfigurability with a structurally simpler single-feed configuration, making it attractive for polarization-diverse applications such as satellite communications, airborne platforms, and emerging wireless systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".