Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Yiddish language, the rich cultural treasure of Ashkenazi Jews, is more than 1,000 years old, and flourished in Central and Eastern Europe for centuries until the Holocaust, when six million Jews, many of them Yiddish speakers, were murdered by the Nazis. Yiddish has seen the production of numerous dictionaries, with the earliest one published at the end of the 16th century. As a result of migration over time, especially in the 19th and 20th centuries, Yiddish-speaking communities appeared in many other geographic areas of the world, including the United States, Argentina, Australia, Canada, South Africa, Mexico, Israel and elsewhere. Consequently, Yiddish dictionaries - most of them bilingual - were produced for use in these other cultures where Yiddish continued to be actively spoken and taught. This conversation traces the history of some of those dictionaries, with the main focus on the development over decades of the most recent bilingual dictionary, the Comprehensive English-Yiddish Dictionary (Indiana University Press, 2016; 2nd edition, revised and expanded, 2021).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".