Plasma Level of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Provides Insight Into Statin Response, But Not Into Left Ventricular Dysfunction in New Unstable Angina
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a chemokine that regulates atherogenesis, angiogenesis, and multiple physiological processes. Dyslipidemia can contribute to low plasma SDF-1 disturbing its vascular repair functions and elevating cardiovascular risk. Statin therapy is recommended for patients with acute coronary syndrome irrespective of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. This study aimed to evaluate the potential associations of plasma SDF-1 levels with LDL-C levels, coronary occlusion-based disease severity, low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) values, and statin therapy in patients with unstable angina (UA). Methods: Patients with new UA (n = 108) were selected from Coronary Care Unit, King Abdulaziz University Hospital. The exclusion criteria included previous history of myocardial infarction, cardiac valvular problems, myocarditis, liver dysfunction, and recent acute infection. The demographic and clinical features were collected. Disease severity and LVEF values were determined. Plasma SDF-1, LDL-C, and troponin levels were measured. Results: There were poor correlations between plasma SDF-1 level, and sociodemographic features and risk factors except with LDL-C, where it showed a significant correlation. Furthermore, plasma SDF-1 showed non-significant variations with LVEF values and troponin peak levels. In contrast, plasma SDF-1 declined significantly in statin-treated patients, regardless of LDL-C level, compared with those untreated. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for SDF-1 test showed good accuracy. Conclusion: In patients with severe UA, plasma SDF-1 level showed significant variations with LDL-C levels and statin therapy suggesting that it can give insight into response to statin therapy regardless of LDL-C level. The ROC analysis showed favorable characteristics suggesting a potential usefulness of plasma SDF-1 assay to discriminate the statin-treated patients from those untreated. This novel approach highlights SDF-1 potential as a biomarker for monitoring statin therapy and predicting risks for adverse events in UA. Furthermore, it could pave the way for longitudinal studies with repeated measurements of plasma SDF-1 to evaluate its role as a prognostic indicator for major adverse cardiovascular events besides the other cardiovascular disease risk factors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".