Effects of Chinese pediatric therapeutic massage on the management of functional constipation in children: A randomized single blind trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Functional constipation (FC) is a common health issue in children, impacting their health-related quality of life. Chinese pediatric therapeutic massage, also called Chinese pediatric Tuina, a traditional Chinese manual manipulation therapy, has been utilized for managing FC in children. This study examined the effects of 2 types of pediatric Tuina therapy, regular and Han's style, on FC in children diagnosed based on the Rome IV criteria and with the type of food stagnation accompanied by interior heat/inflammation in traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS: The study involved 196 children aged 1 to 7 years (mean [M] age 2.7 ± 1.5 years) diagnosed with FC for 3 to 6 months based on Rome IV criteria and traditional Chinese medicine's diagnosis of food stagnation with internal heat/inflammation. Two groups of 98 participants each were randomly formed. One group received regular pediatric Tuina therapy, while the other received Han's style pediatric Tuina therapy for 2 sessions. Each session lasted for 7 days with a one-day break, and a 3-day break was scheduled between the 2 sessions. Bristol stool scale, scale of defecation difficulty, scale of stooling duration, scale of stooling frequency, and abdominal bloating were assessed at pretreatment, post-first session, post-second session, and 1-week after the second session. Paired t-tests and independent t-tests were used to examine significant differences in measures among data collected from different time points within each group and between the 2 groups, respectively. RESULTS: Both types of Tuina therapy (regular and Han's style) demonstrated significant improvements in all measures compared to pre-Tuina (P < .05). Han's style Tuina showed significantly better effects (P ≤ .01) than regular Tuina. CONCLUSION: Chinese pediatric Tuina therapy significantly improved FC symptoms caused by food stagnation with interior heat/inflammation in the studied population, with Han's style having certain advantages. The Chinese Tuina therapy used in the study could be recommended as an alternative management approach for FC in children.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".