Symmetrical Phase-Locked Loop and Power Control Loop for Grid-Connected Inverters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The stability of a grid-connected inverter (GCI) under weak grid can be assessed by checking whether the return ratio matrix satisfies the generalized Nyquist criterion. Due to the inherent asymmetry of the phase-locked loop (PLL) and power control loop (PCL), the eigenvalues of the return ratio matrix are complex, imposing challenges in stability analysis and parameter design of the PLL and PCL. In this paper, the symmetrical PLL and PCL structures are proposed, and then a complex-vector-based model of the system is obtained, simplifying the loop-gain-based stability analysis. After that, a step-by-step parameter design method for the symmetrical PLL and PCL is presented. Experimental validation is finally conducted on a 10-kVA three-phase LCL-type GCI prototype in the lab. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed symmetrical PLL and PCL as well as the parameter design method.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".