Sleep complaints in individuals with subjective cognitive decline from a south‐brazilian cohort
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is defined as self-perceived cognitive impairment in individuals who remain cognitively unimpaired (CU). SCD is considered an early manifestation within the continuum of neurodegenerative diseases, its etiology is heterogeneous and not fully elucidated. Emerging evidence suggests that sleep disturbances may contribute to cognitive complaints and objective cognitive decline. This study aims to investigate sleep-related complaints in individuals with SCD evaluated from a South-Brazilian BRASCODE cohort. METHODS: We included CU individuals aged ≥65 years-old from the BRASCODE cohort who reported subjective cognitive complaints. The exclusion criteria were: presence of uncontrolled psychiatric or medical conditions, diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease, and use of psychotropic medications. Participants underwent neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric evaluation, consisting of Memory Complaint Scale (MCS), Subjective Cognitive Decline Scale (SCD-S), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Sleep quality and behavioral symptoms were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) checklist, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). This analysis includes participants who completed the 12-month follow-up. Correlations between continuous variables were assessed, with p <0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: A total of 100 participants enrolled between March, 2022 and November, 2023 completed the 12-month evaluation. Among these, 75% were women (n = 75), with a median age of 71 years (68-74,25) and a median of 15 years of formal education (11-18). Median scores and interquartile ranges (IQR) for the assessed scales were as follows: SCD-patient scale = 7 (6-9); SCD-informant scale = 5 (3-7); PSQI = 6 (4-9); GAI = 5 (2-8,75); GDS = 2 (1-4); MMSE = 29 (27-30); NPI = 1 (0-4); MBI-patient = 3 (0-7,25); and MBI-informant = 3 (1-7,75). A significant positive correlation was observed between PSQI and GAI scores (p = 0.01, rho = 0.25). No significant associations were found between PSQI and the SCD-patient or SCD-informant scales, MMSE scores, age, education level, or behavioral scales (MBI and NPI). CONCLUSION: The correlation between PSQI and GAI scores suggests that poor sleep quality in CU individuals with SCD from a South-Brazilian cohort is linked to anxiety. Further studies may clarify the relationship between cognition, anxiety, and sleep disturbances.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".