Asymmetric Bonding in Glassy TeO <sub>2</sub> and the Search for Conjectured Terminal Oxygen
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Discovering whether glassy TeO 2 resembles any or all of its known crystal phases is important both for expanding the existing models of heavy-metal-containing glasses and for understanding macroscopic properties of Te-containing glasses. The asymmetric coordination environments around Te 4+ centers in crystalline α-TeO 2 and γ-TeO 2 have led to a controversy concerning the nature and classification of the Te–O bond in the glass form and, in particular, whether any of the Te–O bonds could be considered as “terminal”. The present work presents new high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic data on oxygen and tellurium in TeO 2 along with first-principles calculations to investigate the spectroscopic signatures of the Te–O bonds. We show that a true terminal Te═O bond would have a distinctive spectroscopic signature, different from an oxygen bonded asymmetrically to two tellurium atoms; such a terminal oxygen signature is, in fact, not observed in the TeO 2 glass. Our data show that the TeO 2 glass structure has indeed some short Te–O bonds, as in γ-TeO 2, but that these are not terminal and rather are asymmetrically coordinated, similar to both α-TeO 2 and γ-TeO 2 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".