Systemic Discrimination and Racism in the School and Workforce Pathways of Youth with Refugee Experience in Nova Scotia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although Nova Scotia (NS) has prioritized attracting and retaining newcomers from around the world, there is a paucity of research on the experiences of refugees in the province. In particular, is the minimal research on youth with refugee experience (YRE), considering that approximately half of all refugees are 18 years of age and younger. This paper addresses this gap by presenting findings from research that examines the pre-departure and arrival experiences of 21 youth with refugee experience in Nova Scotia. The paper examines the impact of racism on the resettlement of YREs by presenting the voices and experiential contributions of participants within the enabling framework of critical race theory (CRT). The narratives show that despite fostering a reputation as one of the most welcoming destinations for newcomers, youth with refugee experience often face systemic discrimination and racism, particularly in seeking employment and within educational institutions. The findings provide better understanding of the experiences of YRE, with accessing services and meeting their long-term economic goals that the provincial government, service providers, and researchers may apply to improve the pathways for YRE as they pursue employment in Nova Scotia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".