Rumination in Daily Life Is Linked to Poorer Psychological Health in the United States Than in Japan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rumination has been linked to worse psychological health. Yet, some cross-cultural research suggests that associations between trait rumination and psychological health may be stronger in Western than East Asian cultures. This investigation tested, for the first time, whether using rumination to regulate emotions in daily life is differentially linked to psychological health in different cultural contexts. In two preregistered studies that involved baseline (trait level) and ecological momentary assessments (state level), we tested links between rumination and psychological health in college student samples from the United States ( N s = 128 and 105) and Japan ( N s = 93 and 113), at both trait and state levels. In both studies, rumination in daily life was associated with lower well-being, but these associations were stronger in the United States than in Japan. These findings emphasize the importance of culturally sensitive approaches to understanding emotion regulation and psychological health.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".