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Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards personal data protection in social media among Indonesian college students

2025· article· en· W7117655736 on OpenAlexfundno aff
Rulli Nasrullah, Oktaviana Purnamasari, Tria Patrianti, Makroen Sanjaya, Study Rizal Lolombulan Kontu, Jumroni

Bibliographic record

VenueJurnal The Messenger · 2025
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicPrivacy, Security, and Data Protection
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersYork University
KeywordsSocial mediaPersonally identifiable informationPublicationIndonesianGovernment (linguistics)Data Protection Act 1998

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The issue of personal data protection on the internet has become a significant cause of concern for the Indonesian Government. Millions of people's data on private information has been leaked and traded on marketplace sites. Anticipating the same incident in the future, the Indonesian Government issued Regulation No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection. However, not all citizens are aware of the regulation. Taking data from 325 students at universities spread across Indonesia using quantitative analysis of knowledge-attitude-practice, this study shows how there is still a lack of understanding among citizens about personal data protection. It shows that citizens are still not worried about publishing their data on social media. Many respondents would still publish personal data on social media accounts and itt can be assumed that many still do not know the importance of protecting personal data and the possibility of misuse of information shared, and also do not understand the importance of protecting personal data uploaded on social media and the possibility of misuse of information.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.003
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.390
Threshold uncertainty score0.983

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0030.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.085
GPT teacher head0.406
Teacher spread0.321 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2025
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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